{"id":15209,"date":"2014-04-23T07:30:09","date_gmt":"2014-04-23T10:30:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/spacing.ca\/atlantic\/?p=15209"},"modified":"2014-04-23T08:01:29","modified_gmt":"2014-04-23T11:01:29","slug":"fredericton-sprawl-sustainability","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/spacing.ca\/atlantic\/2014\/04\/23\/fredericton-sprawl-sustainability\/","title":{"rendered":"Fredericton – Between Sprawl and Sustainability"},"content":{"rendered":"

FREDERICTON <\/strong>–\u00a0<\/strong>Walkable downtown (and downtown-like) neighbourhoods are increasingly popular sites for investment and start-up enterprises.\u00a0 A recent study \u2013 <\/span>Startup City: The Shift in Venture Capital and High Technology<\/a> <\/i>\u2013 from the University of Toronto\u2019s Martin Prosperity Institute demonstrates this.\u00a0 This study draws on multiple sources \u2013 Thompson-Reuters, Dow Jones, and the National Venture Capital Association \u2013 to show the increasing attraction of urban neighbourhoods for high tech start-ups and venture capital investment, with \u2013 for example \u2013 urban San Francisco now exceeding suburban Silicon Valley in venture capital.<\/span><\/p>\n

The results of this study are worth heeding in Fredericton, with tech start-ups in the city gaining national and international recognition, with start-up incubators such as Planet Hatch<\/a> providing office space and mentoring to start-up enterprises, and with the Pond-Deshpande Centre<\/a> at the University of New Brunswick providing links between the university and entrepreneurial community.\u00a0 Fredericton also boasts a rich arts culture, with the New Brunswick College of Craft and Design<\/a>, and popular festivals such as Harvest Jazz and Blues<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Fredericton is increasingly becoming a site of creativity and innovation.\u00a0 The city\u2019s population has experienced significant growth over the past decade as well<\/a> \u2013 with the population hovering around the mid-40,000s during the 1970s and 1980s, increasing modestly to 47,510 by 1991.\u00a0 However, from 2001 to 2011, the city\u2019s population grew from 48, 560 to 56,224.<\/p>\n

A growing city raises a whole new set of questions, about the type of growth.\u00a0 It’s important to consider what makes Fredericton an appealing place to live and work, and to preserve and enhance these advantages rather than lose them.<\/p>\n

A key issue in all of this is sprawl.\u00a0 Fredericton holds appeal as a small city \u2013 really, a large town \u2013 with a unique and distinctive downtown, with dense and mixed-use neighbourhoods such as Queen Street which is especially vibrant on Canada Day and during the Harvest Jazz and Blues festival when it is closed to cars.<\/p>\n

The city boasts an excellent trail system<\/a> which offers ready access to green spaces and nearby rural areas (by my own measure, one can travel along the trail from downtown to rural farmlands in half-an-hour by bike).<\/p>\n

\"Marysville<\/a>
Marysville trail bridge in the autumn.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The attraction of natural landscapes and forests is documented by Elizabeth O\u2019Brien\u2019s qualitative study of Vermont<\/a> where she found people who opted for lower wages to live in the state and enjoy forests and outdoor activities.\u00a0 Thus, Fredericton\u2019s proximity to nature is a clear advantage in attracting people, in making the city a desirable place to live.<\/p>\n

However, Fredericton does have significant (and growing) car-dependent sprawl.\u00a0 There is a threat of this becoming a more dominant mode as the city grows \u2013 with a landscape of generic box-stores, vast parking lots, and pedestrian-unfriendly thoroughfares becoming more common.\u00a0 This is where a serious discussion about the city\u2019s future is needed.\u00a0 There are good initiatives \u2013 such as the revitalization of Main Street<\/a> on the city\u2019s northside from a semi-sprawl landscape to a genuine town centre<\/a> with mixed-use zoning and walkable streets.<\/p>\n

With development of the old rail lands near downtown, there is potential for a vibrant \u201cmidtown\u201d Fredericton neighbourhood, although it cannot just be apartment blocks.\u00a0 What is also needed are residential buildings with commercial enterprises on the first floor, framing a walkable streetscape.<\/p>\n

A vision for the city as a whole is needed, a move away from car-dependence and towards greater walkability, towards a greater sense of community and neighbourhood, and towards unique neighbourhoods which residents can take pride in.<\/p>\n

A couple of examples of neighbourhoods in Fredericton which could use walkability and streetscape improvements are provided below.<\/p>\n

Fredericton\u2019s Northside: The Brookside Mall<\/b><\/p>\n

The area in and around Fredericton\u2019s Brookside Mall<\/a> \u2013 on the city\u2019s north-side (the city is bisected by the Saint John River creating distinct north-side and south-side areas) \u2013 offers density and a variety of options for housing (with apartments, townhouses, and single-detached homes). These residential developments are in close proximity to the Brookside Mall \u2013 a mall that has often been anemic in business compared with its southside counterpart, the Regent Mall<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Brookside Mall is an amalgam of mega-parking lots and box-like architecture that inhibit walkability, encourage car use, and providing an inhospitable and uninviting environment for pedestrians, as well as a bland and generic landscape. The photos below show a large and windowless wall facing the residential developments across the street, separated from the street by a lane for cars entering and exiting the parking lot.<\/p>\n

\"Blank<\/a>
Blank wall<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"A<\/a>
A little character, but not enough.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The sights above are uninviting for the multi-unit residential dwellings across the street.<\/p>\n

\"Across<\/a>
Across the street<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The next photo, from another part of the Brookside Mall property, shows the separation induced by a large parking lot.<\/p>\n

\"Mega-parking<\/a>
Mega-parking lot, the great divider.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Fredericton\u2019s Southside: Prospect Street<\/b><\/p>\n

The next example is from the neighbourhood I grew up in, the Parkside Drive area of the city\u2019s southside.\u00a0 Like the Brookside Mall area, it is a mixed-density neighbourhood of single-detached homes, apartment buildings, and duplexes.\u00a0 The homes and buildings in this neighbourhood were built in the 1970s.\u00a0 It is a neighbourhood that contains a range of income-levels, with lower income people in close proximity to middle-class residents.\u00a0 It is also in close proximity to the commercial Prospect Street.\u00a0 However, again, parking lots, architecture, and streetscapes are barriers to walkability and a true sense of community.<\/p>\n

From the photos below, one can see classic \u201cthird-places\u201d \u2013 a neighbourhood coffeeshop and an neighbourhood pub \u2013 along Prospect Street, though the pub (the Hilltop<\/a>) shows a clear parking lot\/strip-mall style and while the Second Cup<\/a> is somewhat better architecturally (outdoor patio and relatively close to the sidewalk) it still is strip-mall style architecture.<\/p>\n

\"Neighbourhood<\/a>
Neighbourhood pub<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Neighbourhood<\/a>
Neighbourhood coffeeshop<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Along the back of the strip of chains and fast-food restaurants are residential apartment buildings on Parkside Drive, but again, they are separated by a parking lot, with no proper facilitation of walkability or connectivity between the residential and commercial areas.<\/p>\n

\"Across<\/a>
Across the Parking Lot.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

One can see below an example of mixed-density in the Parkside Drive area, singled-detached homes near apartment buildings.<\/p>\n

\"Mixed<\/a>
Mixed density<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

As well, I wanted to include this random shot from the neighbourhood which shows a \u201cquirk\u201d (even if maybe not a particularly unique one) where a dumpster provides a public service message.<\/p>\n

\"Dumpster<\/a>
Dumpster of wisdom<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Simple Improvements<\/b><\/p>\n

Both these neighbourhoods \u2013 the Brookside Mall area and Prospect Street\/Parkside Drive \u2013 offer potential for redevelopment into true town centres.\u00a0 However, even simple property improvements could improve the situation greatly.\u00a0 For example, walkways so pedestrians \u2013 especially in adjacent residential areas \u2013 are not forced to dodge cars in the parking lot, and architectural improvements to provide more uniqueness and sense of community, and an appearance that is more inviting.<\/p>\n

Erin Mills Mall in Mississauga<\/a> offers examples in this regard, walkways connecting the sidewalk (and nearby residential areas) to the mall entrance and architectural improvements (glass wall and clocktower) providing a less generic feel than the mall-block mode.\u00a0 Of course, Erin Mills Mall is still very much a mall, and it contains a large parking lot.\u00a0 However, these improvements \u2013 simple property improvements \u2013 do make a difference.<\/p>\n

\"Walkway<\/a>
Walkway \u2013 Erin Mills Mall, Mississauga<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Clocktower<\/a>
Clocktower \u2013 Erin Mills Mall, Mississauga<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Fredericton\u2019s Full Potential<\/b><\/p>\n

Fredericton has a lot to offer \u2013 a vibrant downtown, an excellent system of walking trails, close proximity to nature and rural areas.\u00a0 It has become an important site for the creative economy \u2013 start-ups, including tech start-ups, and a rich arts and festival scene.\u00a0 Fredericton offers a lot of attractions to entrepreneurs and potential residents that have likely contributed to the city\u2019s recent growth.<\/p>\n

However, it is not just about \u201cgrowth\u201d per se but the \u201ckind\u201d of growth that is best for Fredericton, best for preserving and enhancing the city\u2019s unique advantages and character, rather than subsuming it in a sea of generic and car-dependent box stores, strip malls, and thoroughfares.\u00a0 A real discussion about the city\u2019s future \u2013 the whole city \u2013 is needed, about the nature of new development, and what can be done to improve existing developments to foster walkability and community, and to build on the advantages that have made Fredericton an attractive small city to live and work in, to do business in.<\/p>\n

In a city of creativity and innovation, there is much potential.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

FREDERICTON –\u00a0Walkable downtown (and downtown-like) neighbourhoods are increasingly popular sites for investment and start-up enterprises.\u00a0 A recent study \u2013 Startup City: The Shift in Venture Capital and High Technology \u2013 from the University of Toronto\u2019s Martin Prosperity Institute demonstrates this.\u00a0 This study draws on multiple sources \u2013 Thompson-Reuters, Dow Jones, and the National Venture CapitalContinue reading “Fredericton – Between Sprawl and Sustainability”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8096,"featured_media":15212,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_ef_editorial_meta_paragraph_assignment":"","_ef_editorial_meta_date_first-draft-date":"","_ef_editorial_meta_checkbox_needs-photo":"","_ef_editorial_meta_number_word-count":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5866,393,5870,335,341,5874],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15209","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-green-space","category-infrastructure","category-neighbourhoods","category-streetscape","category-urban-design","category-walking"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nFredericton - 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