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In Part One <\/a>of Uber and the Automated Car<\/em> we learned a brief overview of Uber’s model, and began to look at the sharing community and how this new and rapidly growing sector is taking over traditional business models. In this final section, we will look at the progresses of the “self-driving” car, and how these two worlds will coalesce into a paradigm shifting future.<\/p>\n Look Mom, No Hands<\/b><\/p>\n Will\u00a0society be waiting a while before human drivers are replaced with automated cars? Not exactly. A report by the Conference Board of Canada1<\/sup>\u00a0states that by \u201c2025 several manufacturers have indicated that they expect to have fully autonomous vehicles.\u201d Tesla motors has already released a software update that allows an \u201cautopilot\u201d mode<\/a> where the driver can fully remove his\/her hands from the steering wheel and feet from the pedals and allow the car to drive for them. That is happening now, and through a software update <\/i>no less. That means that consumers didn\u2019t even have to buy the newest model to get access to this feature.<\/p>\n And while a Tesla is still a far off purchase for most, this shift isn\u2019t new, and is being heralded in by several other car manufacturers\u2014Volvo<\/a> for instance, has just unveiled “pilot assist” in its new models\u2014who speak of two different modes of transport: guardian-angel technology<\/a>\u00a0and “full” automation\u00a0(such as Tesla above)<\/span><\/span>. Guardian-angel technology\u00a0is already in many new vehicles, and includes features like auto lane correction, and collision detection (stopping a car from rear-ending another vehicle automatically). It is thought that these subtle changes will help psychologically ease consumers into fully automated vehicles.<\/p>\n Individuals may say that guardian-angel technologies still require a human to be present and they are correct, but the systems are evolving at an alarmingly rapid pace, and because this growth is happening in pieces here or there, no full picture is painted at one time, be it\u00a0due to the fact that the car is still in concept mode to work out all the kinks (Google) or it is far too expensive for a standard user (Tesla). It is important to clarify here though that Tesla’s “autopilot” feature is not the same as Google’s self-driving, fully autonomous car, as the former still requires the driver to be present and aware (much like cruise control).<\/p>\n The other comment that continues to arise in this discussion revolves around the safety of autonomous cars. It is frequently reported that autonomous cars will drastically reduce accidents, as the majority of accidents are because of human error. Falling asleep at the wheel, drinking and driving, texting or being otherwise preoccupied by something other than the road, speed, a whole host of factors that are all human related can and will be prevented by autonomous cars. The biggest hurdle to this, of course, is dealing with those on the road who still drive a manual or non-autonomous car, as was proven recently by the tragic accident while a Tesla vehicle was in autopilot that cost a man his life. Even so, Tesla and other car companies have modelled their autopilot modes in ways that are far ahead of human beings in driver safety, utilizing hive minds to communicate with each other about road conditions, issues coming ahead, worrisome events to avoid. In fact, one of the large arguments agains this slow shift to autonomous cars with stop-gaps in between, is that, in the case of the Tesla crash, had the truck that collided with the Tesla also been an autonomous car, it is argued the crash would have never happened<\/a>, as the two would have spoken to each other and not collided.<\/p>\n Naturally, there will be hiccups, especially concerning liability issues, but these are aspects that won\u2019t take shape until automated cars are more common\u00a0on the roads and precedents have been made. Remember, the prediction is 2025, giving us roughly nine years to hone what has already been a revolutionary short period of time for development thus far.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Lifting The Veil<\/b><\/p>\n The question then becomes, what does Uber have to do with the autonomous vehicle? The coalescence between these two technologies, rooted in the sharing mentality, built around ease of use, and a purported interest in lowering our ecological impact, has created a perfect storm for an infrastructural change. Uber has crafted a platform that is highly successful (and a highly volatile subject) for users to meet their needs quickly.<\/span><\/p>\n Imagine an infrastructure where you step outside your door to get groceries and tap a button on an app you have on your smartphone which hails an automated vehicle. This car is either parked nearby (laterally, calling the first car in the line, vastly reducing parking requirements in cities) or is already out and driving after dropping off a fare. That car pulls up in front of you, the doors unlock, you enter, sit and enjoy the trip doing something meaningful with your time like reading a book or working. You arrive at your destination, buy your groceries and repeat the process to go home. Imagine that all these cars are electric and return to their garage when they need to recharge.<\/p>\n It is hard not to see the massive benefits to this scenario: not having to own and maintain your own vehicle, the economic benefits of\u00a0car sharing services, and the ability to shrink our roads down as congestion is slowly dismantled, are just a handful. Not to mention the huge impact around parking space requirements\u2014something that significantly impacts contemporary urban design in every way\u2014 as well as the fact that removing user error from vehicles will save millions of lives. The most mind-blowing part of the whole equation is that as we use Uber in our respective cities, we are feeding all the necessary data that a company would need to build an autonomous fleet: where are we going; how frequently; demographic of users. Because of these data points that are collected, when the automated car rolls off the assembly line, the platform to support a massive fleet of cars will be there, with the app and years of algorithmic data to make it an unstoppable power.<\/p>\n Although the science is still out on whether this has a positive or negative effect on greenhouse gas emissions, studies are being conducted which show that features like congestion mitigation, automated eco-driving, platooning (cars linking to reduce aerodynamic drag)2<\/sup>, to name a few, could be massive boons to our environment. This is the future of the automobile. Just as the horse and carriage was upended by the Model T, automation will be the final nail in our current mode of transportation.<\/p>\n Automated vehicles are the future of transportation, and the Uber model, much like Netflix and streaming on-demand video, cannot be unseen or un-lived. Millennials are beginning to be the driving force in the market and they have made a resounding point that they want shareable services. They want to know that they are minimizing their footprint in the world through connectivity. They want the thrill of something new, and it is well documented that the millennial generation is more focused than any generation before on their spare time and maximizing all that life has to offer. Sitting and reading a book on your way into work instead of staring at glowing red brake lights for an hour would clearly be a step in the right direction.<\/p>\n This shift may take another century to fully take hold, but all the evidence is pointing against this theory. It is far more plausible that within twenty to twenty five years we will see pockets of cities that have a fully automated fleet of on-demand vehicles, which will follow Uber\u2019s platform. Much like Netflix in its early days, Uber is currently in the \u201cDVD by Mail\u201d phase, where they are dealing with the regulation and issues that come with putting cab drivers out of work or having to register and regulate their own \u201cstaff\u201d. Uber drivers who are currently battling for better wages or clashing with taxi companies are fighting a battle of mutual destruction, for there will come a day when it is economically feasible for drivers to drop out altogether and this will forever change the face of transportation as we know it. Don\u2019t be fooled either by the uproarious support for taxi drivers from their parent companies: if it is not Uber, it will likely be one of them who makes the first move to automated vehicles. The truth of the matter is that the change is already happening, and now we will just have to wait and see who pushes through first.<\/p>\n ***<\/p>\n If you missed Part 1 of\u00a0Uber and the Automated Car<\/strong>, you can read it here<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n **<\/p>\n REFERENCES<\/p>\n