{"id":6485,"date":"2011-08-15T11:51:19","date_gmt":"2011-08-15T15:51:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/spacingottawa.ca\/?p=6485"},"modified":"2013-01-21T09:13:14","modified_gmt":"2013-01-21T14:13:14","slug":"the-daly-building-revisited","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/spacing.ca\/ottawa\/2011\/08\/15\/the-daly-building-revisited\/","title":{"rendered":"The Daly Building Revisited"},"content":{"rendered":"

[flickrslideshow acct_name=”66414821@N06″ id=”72157627435525540″]<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

No other Ottawa building, before or after its demolition, has generated as much discussion as the Daly Building. Its history is contentious and some might argue that its survival was doomed from the start. Located in the downtown core, where the local city meets a federal one, the building was hailed as an architectural masterpiece by some and described as the city\u2019s ugly duckling by others.<\/p>\n

2011 marks the 20th anniversary of its demolition \u2014 therefore it is fitting to once again look at the history of this famous structure and revisit some of the debate. An extensive slide show, depicting the site between 1870 and 2011, accompanies this piece. (Editor’s note: click here<\/a> for the non-Flash view.)<\/em><\/p>\n

Occupants<\/strong><\/p>\n

The Daly Building began as the Lindsay Department Store, Ottawa\u2019s first department store. The retailer opened with great fanfare in June of 1905 and the space was marketed as \u201cpalatial.\u201d The steel frame construction and the large rectangular windows provided a spacious and brightly lit commercial space unlike any other building in the city. In 1909, management was taken over by A. E. Rea & Company. The building was enlarged by two floors and a north wing was added in 1913.<\/p>\n

H. J. Daly acquired the property in 1915 after A. E. Rea & Company went into receivership. The department store remained open until 1919 when the entire property was first leased, and eventually purchased by the federal government in 1921. Several government offices occupied the building including the Wartime Information Board and the Office of Censorship during the Second World War. The last federal tenants moved out in 1978.<\/p>\n

The Daly Building stood empty for over a decade and few people were permitted inside. Michael Schreier, a local photographer, was granted access in 1980. His images<\/a> are haunting as they reveal an empty shell, oddly divided spaces, and white-washed walls. Perhaps the most surprising photographs are those that show the Ch\u00e2teau Laurier on the other side of the building\u2019s window panes: the contrast in appearance and style could not be greater.<\/p>\n

Plans for the empty structure were numerous. However, due to financial problems, structural concerns, and political will, all of them fell through. CN Hotels was interested in using the space as its own conference and meeting facilities. A Montreal developer had hoped to turn the building into a department store once more, and planned to build underground movie theatres and new office space on the roof. The Ottawa-Carleton Provincial Court and the National Gallery of Canada were invited to consider the building. However, both rejected the idea deciding that the building was not suitable for their needs. It had even been rumoured that the Church of Scientology was eyeing the building in their quest to find a new downtown location.<\/p>\n

By the early 1990s, with the onslaught of structural concerns, options seemed to dwindle. Perhaps Herb Stovel, a conservation architect and member of the International Council of Monuments and Sites in Paris, summed it up best by stating that the building was \u201cbeyond our era\u2019s ability and resources to maintain.\u201d Demolition of the 200,000 square feet building began in October of 1991.<\/p>\n

Style<\/strong><\/p>\n

The building was the only example in Ottawa of the influence of the Chicago School of Architecture. Moses C. Edey, the architect of the structure, apprenticed in Toronto and Moravia, N.Y., and studied industrial design at the Ottawa Art School. At the age of 40, Edey opened an architectural practice on Sparks Street and designed the McLeod Street Church (now Centretown United Church), the Garland Building<\/a> (now demolished), and perhaps his most famous commission, the Aberdeen Pavilion. The lists of buildings suggest the style in which Edey worked: Gothic, Romanesque, and Beaux Arts. The Daly Building certainly stood out as it moved away from the picturesque and employed not only the latest technologies but also the modern style.<\/p>\n

The Daly Building was simple, even austere. The design reflected the strong skeleton, the piers and beams of the steel grid, which provided support for the building. A dramatic projected cornice and the large horizontal windows, with fixed glass panes in the centre, were all characteristics<\/a> of the Chicago School \u2014 the style that led to the dawn of the modern skyscraper. \u201cThe expanse of glass filling its facades is phenomenal,\u201d wrote Stan White, <\/em>architect with Public Works, in April of 1987 in the Ottawa Citizen<\/em>. \u201cIt is unquestionably the finest example of a Chicago Style department store to be built in Canada.\u201d<\/p>\n

The scale of the building changed significantly with the addition of two floors and the expansion of the window bays, from five to nine, along Sussex Drive and MacKenzie Avenue. However, with the use of a similar locally quarried limestone, Lowville instead of Cobourg, and by duplicating the ornamental cornice originally used in 1905, the building style remained surprisingly consistent. Future alterations were less kind.<\/p>\n

The slim and elegant windows were removed in the 1920s and replaced by thick and heavier ones. The graceful cornice that crowned the building was replaced by simple gray bands of stone in the 1960s. At the same time, in an attempt to freshen up the tired look of the building fa\u00e7ade, narrow red and blue window panes were installed on the upper floor.<\/p>\n

Ugly Duckling<\/strong><\/p>\n

The Daly Building broke from past styles and was one of Ottawa\u2019s first modern buildings. In an Ottawa Citizen<\/em> article, printed in November of 1985, the architectural historian Gregory P. Utas <\/em>writes that the building \u201cis a 20th-century building. All of its immediate neighbors, even though they were built more recently than the Daly Building, are in their basic concepts buildings of the 19th century.\u201d Utas argued that the architect succeeded admirably in employing the new building style. Unlike the Ch\u00e2teau Laurier hotel, and many of the grand federal buildings in Ottawa, the Daly Building did not employ decorative distractions like turrets, ornamental balconies, and thin limestone cladding made to look like heavy building blocks. The Daly Building did not conceal its structure. In fact, Barry Padolsky, an Ottawa architect and heritage consultant, was quoted in an Ottawa Citizen<\/em> article in 1982, noting that the building \u201creflected the new morality in architecture where structure was not considered an embarrassment.\u201d<\/p>\n

It should have been irrelevant whether the Daly Building was pretty or not. However, the building was often described as the \u201cugly cousin to the Ch\u00e2teau Laurier,\u201d and voted Ottawa\u2019s worst eyesore in the 1980s. Not everyone agreed. Rhys Phillips wrote in 1991 that each building style is a social record, a unique expression on how the architect viewed the world and Ottawa\u2019s place in it.<\/p>\n

Talks of expropriating the parcel of land began before the building was even completed. A 1908 view of Ottawa excluded the Daly Building, replacing it with an edifice with quaint turrets. The Daly Building was also carefully cropped out of the official rendering that presented the plans for Union Station and the Ch\u00e2teau Laurier. In addition, the drawings of the Ch\u00e2teau\u2019s proposed new wing along MacKenzie Avenue depicted a lush park instead of the existing Daly Building.<\/p>\n

The first mention of turning the area in front of the Daily Building into a \u201cmonumental circle\u201d and a \u201cdignified approach to the Parliament Buildings\u201d was listed in the 1903 Todd report. Jacques Gr\u00e9ber, in both his 1936 and 1950 reports, proposed to tear down the structure to improve traffic congestion and to create a two or three-deck garage with direct access to the Ch\u00e2teau Laurier. His 1950 general report, Plan for the National Capital<\/em>, called on the immediate \u201celimination of the Daly Building\u201d along with the \u201cremoval of the Union Station.\u201d<\/p>\n

Post Demolition<\/strong><\/p>\n

Union Station survived but after years of neglect and failed proposals the Daly Building was demolished in 1991\/92. The proposals for the site were as numerous as the building\u2019s past tenants. Ideas included a parking garage, a piazza, a first nations arts and performance centre, a \u201cCanada Pavilion,\u201d and a high-tech movie house. It was perhaps the decorative fence that surrounded the vacant lot for many years that irked people the most. The idea of a park had much local support but given the proximity to Majors Hill Park, and the high land value, the plans were never developed. By 1999, the federal government approved a $75M project to include a hotel, condos, and an aquarium. The project was to include an eight-storey building that would house a 200-room hotel, 25 condos, shops covering two floors, a restaurant, a two-storey underground parking lot, and a 60,000 square-foot underground aquarium. The project fell through as the developers failed to secure financing.<\/p>\n

Claridge Homes, a well-known Ottawa housing developer, was eventually permitted to develop the site and constructed an upscale condo building with retail on the first two floors. The handsome building, clad in natural stone, is recessed from Rideau Street to create a small court. Today, the building is known as 700 Sussex Drive and has been described as Ottawa\u2019s power address.<\/p>\n

In Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n

Perhaps the most surprising aspect of the history of the site is that the Daly Building survived as long as it did. The commercial building, located on one of Ottawa\u2019s most important intersections along the ceremonial route, did not fit<\/em> the official plan for the capital nor did its austere fa\u00e7ade ever win the hearts of the residents of Ottawa.<\/p>\n

Ironically, Dan S. Hanganu, the Montreal based architect of 700 Sussex Drive, sought inspiration from the Daly Building and kept a picture of the \u201cfallen comrade\u201d when designing its replacement. His design, like that of Moses C. Edey, has also been described (by some) as an \u201cugly box.\u201d<\/p>\n

A portrait of Moses C. Edey, attributed to Samuel J. Jarvis, and a watercolour depicting the Union Station, Ch\u00e2teau Laurier and the Daly Building, by Goodridge Roberts, are currently on view at the Bytown Museum as part of the \u201cHidden Treasures\u201d exhibition. The <\/em>photomechanical <\/em>print<\/em>, \u201cOttawa 1908,\u201d by <\/em>J. L. Wiseman, is also on view as part of the Museum\u2019s permanent exhibition. <\/em> <\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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Located in the downtown core, where the local city meets a federal one, the building was hailed asContinue reading “The Daly Building Revisited”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7078,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_ef_editorial_meta_paragraph_assignment":"","_ef_editorial_meta_date_first-draft-date":"","_ef_editorial_meta_checkbox_needs-photo":"","_ef_editorial_meta_number_word-count":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[362,5302,5304],"tags":[3815,740,934,3813,2254,483,2248,1322,687,3800,3232,3798,3797,3814,3811,3794,3788,3806,5386,838,1361,3787,3810,3816,3817,336,3804,1011,3790,3812,3820,3799,3807,729,3821,3805,1760,794,3791,3796,394,3801,3793,878,3802,3795,735,3809,3808,3818,3819,3789,1980,421,3792,1053,725,3803],"class_list":["post-6485","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-architecture","category-features","category-history","tag-a-e-rea-company","tag-aberdeen-pavilion","tag-architect","tag-architect-and-heritage-consultant","tag-architectural-historian","tag-backspacing","tag-barry-padolsky","tag-bytown-museum","tag-canada","tag-centretown-united-church","tag-chateau-laurier-hotel","tag-chicago-school-of-architecture","tag-church-of-scientology","tag-cn-hotels","tag-conservation-architect-and-member","tag-daily-building","tag-daly-building","tag-dan-s-hanganu","tag-editor","tag-federal-government","tag-flash","tag-garland-building","tag-gregory-p-utas","tag-h-j-daly","tag-high-tech-movie-house","tag-historical","tag-international-council-of-monuments-and-sites-in-paris","tag-jacques-greber","tag-lindsay-department-store","tag-local-photographer","tag-lowville","tag-mcleod-street-church","tag-michael-schreier","tag-montreal","tag-moravia","tag-moses-c-edey","tag-national-gallery-of-canada","tag-new-york","tag-occupants-the-daly-building","tag-office-of-censorship","tag-ottawa","tag-ottawa-art-school","tag-ottawa-building","tag-ottawa-citizen","tag-ottawa-carleton-provincial-court","tag-post-demolition-union-station","tag-retail","tag-samuel-j-jarvis","tag-stan-white","tag-steel-frame-construction","tag-steel-grid","tag-style-the-building","tag-the-ottawa-citizen","tag-toronto","tag-ugly-duckling-the-daly-building","tag-union-station","tag-usd","tag-wartime-information-board"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nThe Daly Building Revisited - Spacing Ottawa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/spacing.ca\/ottawa\/2011\/08\/15\/the-daly-building-revisited\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Daly Building Revisited - Spacing Ottawa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[flickrslideshow acct_name=”66414821@N06″ id=”72157627435525540″] No other Ottawa building, before or after its demolition, has generated as much discussion as the Daly Building. 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