{"id":10445,"date":"2010-04-09T13:09:59","date_gmt":"2010-04-09T17:09:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/spacingtoronto.ca\/?p=10445"},"modified":"2013-01-21T13:06:16","modified_gmt":"2013-01-21T18:06:16","slug":"building-storeys-the-canada-linseed-oil-mills-buildings-sorauren-park","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/spacing.ca\/toronto\/2010\/04\/09\/building-storeys-the-canada-linseed-oil-mills-buildings-sorauren-park\/","title":{"rendered":"Building Storeys \u2014 The Canada Linseed Oil Mills buildings &#038; Sorauren Park"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" title=\"linseed\" src=\"http:\/\/farm3.static.flickr.com\/2777\/4505794332_3425258287.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"312\" \/><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em><strong>EDITOR\u2019S NOTE: Spacing<\/strong> is pleased to again partner with <strong>Heritage Toronto<\/strong> on their ongoing <a href=\"http:\/\/www.heritagetoronto.org\/building-storeys-2010\" target=\"_blank\">Building Storeys exhibit<\/a> at the Gladstone Hotel that <strong>has been extended until April 25<\/strong>.\u00a0 A collaborative effort by Heritage Toronto and members of the photography groups the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.shadowcollective.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Shadow Collective<\/a> and the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dkphotogroup.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">DK Photo Group<\/a>, Building Storeys is a visual documentation and anecdotal exhibit of the city\u2019s heritage building and sites. This is the second in a series of posts on Spacing Toronto connected to the exhibit, and is by <strong>David Wencer<\/strong>. <\/em><em>Above photo: Wabash Avenue looking east from Sorauren, 1947.\u00a0 The Canada Linseed Oil Mills can be seen on the left side of the street, a few buildings in.\u00a0 Note the rail siding down the centre of Wabash. <\/em><em>(City of Toronto Archives\/TTC Fonds, Series 71, Item 15831) <\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>The Canada Linseed Oil Mills buildings have been standing on <a href=\"http:\/\/maps.google.ca\/maps?hl=en&amp;client=firefox-a&amp;q=wabash+and+sorauren,+toronto&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;hq=&amp;hnear=Sorauren+Ave+%26+Wabash+Ave,+Toronto,+Toronto+Division,+Ontario&amp;gl=ca&amp;ei=aV2_S86dDIOBlAfjppGXBw&amp;ved=0CAgQ8gEwAA&amp;t=h&amp;z=16\" target=\"_blank\">Wabash Avenue<\/a> for nearly one hundred years.\u00a0 For forty of these years, they have been vacant.\u00a0 Industry\u2019s gradual exodus from the surrounding area has been steady; several nearby buildings which once employed local residents and made products for the community have been retrofitted and reborn as condos or artist\u2019s studios, while other buildings have been torn down completely and placed with new city infrastructure.\u00a0 The Canada Linseed Oil Mills structures have yet to undergo this rebirth, but they have certainly not been forgotten.<\/p>\n<p>Shortly after the turn of the 20th Century, a manufacturing area grew along Sorauren Avenue, just south of Dundas Street.\u00a0 Industry was spurred all along the Canadian Pacific Railway lines lying to the immediate east, which over the years belonged to several railroads including the Credit Valley Railway and the Toronto, Grey and Bruce.\u00a0 The strip along Sorauren was also just south of a major rail junction, near where Annette, Dundas &amp; Dupont streets all come together.\u00a0 From this lucrative location at the northern tip of Parkdale, an industry could easily connect by rail with all of southern Ontario.<\/p>\n<p>In the spring of 1910, the Montreal-based Canada Linseed Oil Mills, Ltd. began construction of a new facility on Wabash Avenue, just east of Sorauren.\u00a0 They were joining an industrial community which already included Chapman Double Ball Bearing, leather goods manufacturer Winnett &amp; Wellinger, candy manufacturer Robert Watson, and the Dominion Bridge Company, the latter of which would later manufacture parts for, amongst other Toronto projects, the <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prince_Edward_Viaduct\" target=\"_blank\">Prince Edward Viaduct<\/a>.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>In 1910, linseed oil was a thriving industry.\u00a0 Derived from flax seed, linseed oil was then a valuable commodity due to its many applications.\u00a0 Linseed oil was used as a binder in oil paints, especially appreciated for its slow drying time.\u00a0 It was also a valuable water-proofing agent in canvas, and it was popularly employed as a wood finish and used as an ingredient in varnishes.\u00a0 Just one year after the establishment of Canada Linseed Oil Mills in Toronto, the paint (and later varnish) manufacturers Lowe Brothers established themselves just across the street on the south side of Wabash; it is reasonable to presume that the proximity of a linseed oil supplier influenced their choice of location.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" title=\"linseed\" src=\"http:\/\/farm5.static.flickr.com\/4020\/4505158709_9fa0326db9.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Photo by: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.orangeroads.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Toni Wallachy<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><\/em>Linseed oil was also used in the manufacture of linoleum (to which it lent its name), and was a key ingredient in oilcloth, a popular pre-cursor to vinyl, with many applications ranging from tents to tablecloths.\u00a0 From at least 1921 into the late 1960s, the presidents of Canada Linseed Oil Mills also acted as managing director of Dominion Oil Cloth &amp; Linoleum, suggesting that the two companies were financially connected.<\/p>\n<p>Not limited to industrial manufacturing, linseed oil was also used as an edible product; Linseed Oil Cake Meal was produced by the Canada Linseed Oil Mills as a livestock feed, where it was believed to both aid in digestion and improve an animal\u2019s coat.\u00a0 In fact, the company published an instructive booklet on animal feeding for farmers, called \u201cSuccessful Feeding,\u201d which explains how to incorporate oil cake meal into the diet of farm animals.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" title=\"linseed\" src=\"http:\/\/farm3.static.flickr.com\/2681\/4505158271_9a250e2c74.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"354\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>The Canada Linseed Oil Mills\u2019 buildings, as depicted in their booklet \u201cSuccessful Feeding.\u201d\u00a0 The three structures on the right are still standing, including the smokestack.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Linseed oil also found its way into the mouths of humans.\u00a0 Advertisements can be found in the Toronto Star in the 1910s for \u201cDr. Chase\u2019s Syrup of Linseed and Turpentine,\u201d marketed as a cure for the common cold, bronchitis and asthma.\u00a0 The National Drug and Chemical Company similarly marketed a syrup of Linseed, Licorice and Chlorodyne as \u201cthe safe cough syrup for your little ones\u201d (chlorodyne was a then-popular tincture of laudanum, cannabis and chloroform).\u00a0 Without irony, these advertisements appeared in the same years linseed oil was suggested in the women\u2019s pages as a popular home furniture polish and carpet cleaner.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" title=\"linseed\" src=\"http:\/\/farm3.static.flickr.com\/2504\/4505158359_c3bd644a57.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"285\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Promotional ink blotter for the Canada Linseed Oil Mills.\u00a0 When fountain pens were popular, it was not uncommon for companies to use ink blotters to advertise, much in the way they use custom fridge magnets or ballpoint pens today. (City of Toronto Archives, Fonds 70, Series 470, Sub-series 2, File 7)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>With the popularity of linseed oil at its peak, Canada Linseed Oil Mills selected their site along the rail corridor on the north side of Wabash Avenue, just east of the Dominion Bridge works.\u00a0 The initial Oil Mills buildings on Wabash were designed by architects <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dictionaryofarchitectsincanada.org\/architects\/view\/1432\" target=\"_blank\">Langley and Howland<\/a>, who are credited with many Toronto buildings in the early 20th Century, including Deer Park Public School and eight branches of the Imperial Bank.\u00a0 A notice in the Toronto Star says contracts were given to the Leach Concrete Company for the reinforced concrete construction, and C.W. Wood for the brickwork.\u00a0 The same notice mentions that J.H. Tromanhauser was given the contract for the grain elevator, which \u201cwill be absolutely fireproof, thus doing away with the necessity of insuring contents.\u00a0 This is the first type of elevator to be erected in this city.\u201d\u00a0 Fireproofing was vital in buildings designed to manufacture highly-flammable oil.<\/p>\n<p>Over the ensuing decades, the Canada Linseed Oil Mills buildings underwent several alterations, mostly expansions.<\/p>\n<p>While several nearby businesses came and went during Canada Linseed Oil Mills\u2019 tenure, most of the main industries remained unchanged along Sorauren until World War Two.\u00a0 The first significant change to the area was the departure of next-door neighbour Dominion Bridge, located on the northeast corner of Sorauren and Wabash.\u00a0 It is believed that production at Dominion Bridge was changed during the war to manufacture munitions, and that afterwards Dominion Bridge chose to renew operations at other facilities.\u00a0 The TTC acquired the old property, and used the site as both a <a href=\"http:\/\/transit.toronto.on.ca\/bus\/8308.shtml\" target=\"_blank\">bus garage and machine shop<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" title=\"linseed\" src=\"http:\/\/farm3.static.flickr.com\/2776\/4505158411_1f88e15a2d.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Photo by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thephotomat.ca\/\" target=\"_blank\">Mathew Merrett<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><\/em>Canada Linseed Oil Mills itself appears to have closed its Toronto operations in 1969, likely precipitated by a gradual decline in the popularity of linseed oil.\u00a0 Although still noted as a wood finish, cheaper or more efficient alternatives to linseed oil have been found for many of its industrial uses, and its domestic use has dropped considerably.\u00a0 A few years before its closure, one building on the site was occupied by the Dominion Oil Cloth and Linoleum Company, perhaps offering a clue to the company\u2019s fate.\u00a0 Shortly thereafter Dominion Oil Cloth and Linoleum changed its name to Domco Industries.\u00a0 In March of 1970, an article in the Globe and Mail stated that Domco was negotiating the sale of Canlin Limited, formerly known as the Canada Linseed Oil Mills, and expected the sale to be completed in April.<\/p>\n<p>Since 1970, then, the buildings have remained vacant, and have gradually become a popular destination for vandals and urban photographers alike.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" title=\"linseed\" src=\"http:\/\/farm5.static.flickr.com\/4045\/4505794040_5072d2d50c.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"304\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Sorauren Avenue, looking north from Wabash, 1947.\u00a0 At the time that this photo was taken, the property on the right was about to become the TTC\u2019s Parkdale garage.\u00a0 It is now the site of Sorauren Avenue Park. (City of Toronto Archives\/TTC Fonds, Series 71, Item 15830)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The TTC site next door was vacated in the 1980s, and efforts began to have that property established as a new community park.\u00a0 After several years of wrangling, this park became a reality in 1995 after the old TTC facilities were demolished, and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.soraurenpark.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Sorauren Avenue Park<\/a> opened atop the site\u2019s old concrete foundation (this unusual arrangement allows for poor drainage, and explains the difficulties of getting plants to grow in the space).\u00a0 The Canada Linseed Oil Mills buildings remain next door, a hollowed-out industrial shell; <a href=\"http:\/\/buildwabashnow.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">The Wabash Building Society<\/a> was formed in 2006, with a long-term of plan of turning these buildings into a community centre.<\/p>\n<p>The Oil Mills site was purchased by the City for $2 million dollars in 2000, and efforts were subsequently taken to decontaminate the soil and remove the asbestos fire-proofing.\u00a0 The hope amongst the project\u2019s supporters is that the linseed oil plant which once employed local residents and helped make dozens of domestic products can one day again benefit the community, this time in the form of public space.\u00a0 As of 2010 this has yet to happen, and the Wabash Building Society website describes the plant as \u201c[looming] over the park like a promise waiting to be fulfilled.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" title=\"linseed\" src=\"http:\/\/farm5.static.flickr.com\/4012\/4505793744_a80bca4ea5_o.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"349\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Photo by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.photolena.ca\/\" target=\"_blank\">Olena Sullivan<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Over the last forty years, Sorauren Avenue has changed considerably, with most of the old industries leaving the immediate area.\u00a0 Part of the rail corridor which once connected the local businesses to their suppliers and buyers is now becoming the <a href=\"http:\/\/railpath.communitybicyclenetwork.org\/\" target=\"_blank\">Railpath<\/a> which, when completed, will connect bicyclists in Toronto\u2019s west end to the downtown core.\u00a0 The corridor will also soon be re-used by <a href=\"http:\/\/www.metrolinx.com\/en\/default.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Metrolinx<\/a>, which hopes to run 400 passengers trains a day along this line, ferrying people along the route which, one hundred years ago, was used to transport supplies and goods.\u00a0 While the prospect of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cleantrain.ca\/\" target=\"_blank\">400 daily diesel trains cannot possibly sit well<\/a> with the local residents who fought to establish (and continue to fight to improve) Sorauren Avenue Park, it does at least reflect the same creative re-use of infrastructure that the neighbourhood has been championing.\u00a0 Many of the old industrial buildings along Sorauren have found <a href=\"http:\/\/robertwatsonlofts.jeffreyteam.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">new life<\/a> in a way that benefits the community, either as homes, new businesses, or in the case of the Dominion Bridge site \/ TTC Garage, a public park.\u00a0 For the time being, however, the Canada Linseed Oil Mills property remains fenced off and closed to the general public, serving no use to the community other than as a reminder of the area\u2019s industrial heritage.<\/p>\n<p><em>David Wencer is a historian and heritage advocate based in Toronto&#8217;s Junction neighbourhood, where he was actively involved in the community&#8217;s 2008-2009 centennial celebrations.\u00a0 He researches and writes on a number of subjects dealing with Toronto history, and contributes regularly to the Heritage Toronto blog and the West Toronto Junction Historical Society&#8217;s newsletter, <\/em>The Leader and Recoder<em>.\u00a0 He also serves on the Etobicoke York Community Preservation Panel, and represents the Panel on Heritage Toronto&#8217;s Conservation Committee.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>EDITOR\u2019S NOTE: Spacing is pleased to again partner with Heritage Toronto on their ongoing Building Storeys exhibit at the Gladstone Hotel that has been extended until April 25.\u00a0 A collaborative effort by Heritage Toronto and members of the photography groups the Shadow Collective and the DK Photo Group, Building Storeys is a visual documentation and<a href=\"https:\/\/spacing.ca\/toronto\/2010\/04\/09\/building-storeys-the-canada-linseed-oil-mills-buildings-sorauren-park\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"sr-only\">&#8220;Building Storeys \u2014 The Canada Linseed Oil Mills buildings &#038; Sorauren Park&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4010,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_ef_editorial_meta_paragraph_assignment":"","_ef_editorial_meta_date_first-draft-date":"","_ef_editorial_meta_checkbox_needs-photo":"","_ef_editorial_meta_number_word-count":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[21759,24],"tags":[315,138,14754,9484,14765,14749,14757,838,14756,14770,14750,14755,14746,244,14764,996,313,9225,14772,14752,14766,14747,14761,14753,14759,14771,14767,14768,3005,14763,14265,38,679,14758,14760,636,1448,14188,5098,14751,14773,883,314,1548,339,11397,19,5232,341,889,14744,14745,391,14769,8687,14748,14762],"class_list":["post-10445","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-features","category-history","tag-artist","tag-building-storeys","tag-canada-linseed-oil-mills-ltd","tag-canadian-pacific-railway","tag-candy-manufacturer","tag-canlin-limited","tag-chase","tag-city-infrastructure","tag-david-wencer","tag-deer-park-public-school","tag-domco-industries","tag-dominion-bridge-company","tag-dominion-oil-cloth","tag-dupont","tag-edible-product","tag-gladstone-hotel","tag-globe-and-mail","tag-heritage-toronto","tag-historian-and-heritage-advocate","tag-imperial-bank","tag-industrial-manufacturing","tag-leach-concrete-company","tag-leather-goods-manufacturer","tag-linoleum-company","tag-linseed-oil","tag-linseed-oil-cake-meal","tag-linseed-oil-plant","tag-linseed-oil-supplier","tag-managing-director","tag-manufacturing-area","tag-mathew-merrett","tag-montreal","tag-oil","tag-oil-cake-meal","tag-oil-paints","tag-ontario","tag-paint","tag-photography-groups","tag-prince-edward-viaduct","tag-robert-watson","tag-sorauren-park-editor","tag-southern-ontario","tag-the-globe-and-mail","tag-the-heritage","tag-the-toronto-star","tag-toni-wallachy","tag-toronto","tag-toronto-archives","tag-toronto-star","tag-ttc","tag-ttc-garage","tag-ttcs-parkdale-garage","tag-usd","tag-wabash-building-society","tag-west-toronto-junction-historical-society","tag-winnett-wellinger","tag-years-linseed-oil"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Building Storeys \u2014 The Canada Linseed Oil Mills buildings &amp; 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