This will come as welcome news to anyone familiar with the uniquely unpleasant experience of navigation within the PATH network. To properly appreciate the announcement, it became necessary to establish a baseline of experience. Perhaps in the name of journalistic science, or perhaps out of sheer self-amusement,\u00a0Spacing<\/em>\u2019s editor Matthew Blackett sent me in to the PATH network with a goal: get from the Hilton (at University and Richmond) to One King West (at Yonge and King), then to Bell Trinity Square (beside the Eatons Centre), to Roy Thomson Hall (at Simcoe and King), and back to the Hilton. By Google Maps\u2019 estimation, this walk should take 42 minutes end-to-end in the PATH network \u2014 almost exactly the same length of time estimated for the above-ground trek. On the surface, this doesn\u2019t seem so difficult. Hitting these three destinations would be no problem above ground; how much harder could it be underground, where the city has put in signage \u201cdeveloped to provide pedestrians with better ease of use and functionality?\u201d<\/p>\n I have yet to fully forgive Blackett.<\/p>\n 11:00AM<\/strong><\/p>\n The City of Toronto calls the PATH network a\u00a0\u201cdowntown underground pedestrian walkway.\u201d<\/a>\u00a0As far as I can tell, this is a vast oversell: after a first-hand experience navigating in the PATH, it is hard to see any reason why any unfamiliar pedestrian would make the free and uncoerced choice to use this system to get anywhere on time. (One of the major benefits touted is\u00a0the fact that the PATH offers respite from the elements, which upon reflection feels rather like being animalistically forced underground.) The PATH is a mall, first and foremost. Beyond access to over half a dozen food courts, at least two massage parlours, and more sushi restaurants than I cared to count, I put it to you that, with its existing wayfinding system still in place, the PATH offers nothing especially preferable over supra-terranean navigation.<\/p>\n There\u2019s an old text-based adventure game from the 1970s called\u00a0Colossal Cave Adventure<\/em><\/a>,<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>where the players have to navigate through a maze, where the description of each room is exactly the same: \u201cyou are in a maze of twisty little passages, all alike.\u201d Trying to find your way around the PATH, with its current wayfinding system, feels a bit like this. It is a seemingly endless maze of mall corridors, hallways, and atriums. Unless you are a person for whom the distinctions between Jamba Juice and Jugo Juice are particularly meaningful, everything in this place feels exactly the same; with each new tunnel you encounter in here, the space expands physically while being visually constricted. Because this space lacks the distinctive landmarks\u00a0that you often find above ground, there is very little to distinguish it from every other mall you’ve been in. The more of it you explore, the less it feels like you could ever remember any of it.<\/p>\n The thing about maps, especially those in the PATH, is that they are essentially useless to anyone who is good and truly lost. A significant portion of the maps don\u2019t have a handy red YOU ARE HERE marker on them, compounding their uselessness. A good chunk of them are oriented something other than north-upwards.<\/p>\n I don\u2019t consider myself a bad navigator. Actually, I\u2019m somewhat smug about it. I\u2019m the kind of person who doesn\u2019t understand how anyone doesn\u2019t have an ingrained sense of north-south-east-west. I was fairly certain that this particular quality might actually lend itself useful here, because here\u2019s another thing about the PATH: the whole system works on compass directions, except that instead of the standard and broadly agreed-upon alphabetic representations, the entire system is predicated on a seemingly arbitrary colour code: Blue for north, yellow for east, red for south, and orange for west. Should you occasionally and at fortuitous locations glance upward, small markers will remind you of this codification<\/a>, but in general, the wayfinding system assumes that you caught this on your way in. The logic behind it, as best I can tell, is that if you know you need to go east, you simply follow as many yellow arrows as it takes to get you where you need to be. Except that, since the network of tunnels that make up the PATH network follow no discernible pattern and generally deviate from the city\u2019s street grid, there is no guarantee that any trip east-ward won\u2019t include significant north- or south- or west-ward deviations. Why anyone would dream this system up is anybody\u2019s guess.<\/p>\n 11:08AM<\/strong><\/p>\n I\u2019ve followed a blue arrow and have ended up somewhere in or around the Richmond-Adelaide Centre. I\u2019m in a food court. The PATH is full of food courts. Actually, the PATH is just full of food, period. There are full sit-down restaurants, sushi restaurants, coffee shops, a whisky bar and many iterations of the type of place that exist only in mall food courts: fast-food outlets that sell bland, quick versions of ethnic food. These places are always named ‘something Express,’ as in Teriyaki Express or Thai Express or Curry Express or Bayou Express. There\u2019s a few people eating, all of them alone. I\u2019m beginning to wonder just how long they\u2019ve been down here.<\/p>\n 11:31AM<\/strong><\/p>\n The PATH\u2019s confusing, twisting network of tunnels is the lasting legacy of the haphazard way that the tunnels were built<\/a>. Prior to the 1970s, the ancestors of the PATH network were a handful of tunnels build to connect various different buildings, the first having been built in 1900 to connect Eaton\u2019s with its satellite buildings. In the 1970s, more tunnels were built between buildings in the downtown core, without any attempt at central planning. Since the owners of the buildings technically owned the land underneath it, they simply built tunnels to nearby buildings, rather than into a larger system. The City inherited this network in 1987, when it took over coordination of the PATH and were tasked with developing a wayfinding system It was not until the early 1990s that the PATH had its first coordinated set of signage and maps \u2014 a wayfinding system designed by Gottschalk, Ash International.<\/p>\n For a design firm planning a wayfinding system, there are at least three principles to follow, according to Mark Foltz, who wrote his\u00a0MIT master\u2019s thesis<\/a>\u00a0on the subject in 1998.\u00a0The first is that a navigator should be able answer the questions: \u2018where am I?\u2019 and \u2018which way am I facing?\u2019; the second is that navigational decisions should be easy to make; the third is that the navigator should be able to accumulate knowledge of the system as he or she goes.<\/p>\n By my estimation, the PATH system\u2019s current wayfinding system fails each and every one of those criteria. It\u2019s difficult to figure out where you are; while a compass system \u2014 even a nonsensical colour-based one \u2014 could be useful, it is substantially less<\/em> useful when you are underground, away from the sun and the city’s visual landmarks. And it is frustrating when signs telling you to go red towards a building aren\u2019t accompanied by\u00a0anything telling you which way red is. This is all assuming you know what red signifies, which there\u2019s a significant chance that you do not. Decisions about which route to take are difficult to make, since the whole system lacks major corridors. And it is quite difficult to develop any directional memory \u2014 using a Starbucks, or a sushi restaurant, or even a massage parlour as a waypoint is somewhat useless when there are so many of each.<\/p>\n At the heart of the PATH network is a glowing, molten-white core of open-concept, laboratory-ish commercial excess called the Hudson\u2019s Bay department store. It’s a rectangular area, decked out in white tile that itself seems to glow, with make-up, sunglasses and jewellery kiosks in the middle, stores on the outer edges, and department store tables displaying couch cushions, knick-knacks, and the like lining each corridor. The Bay is where it is most apparent that navigation and transportation might be pretty low on the priority list of the PATH. The balance between mall and transit network is slanted heavily towards the PATH\u2019s commercial interests; the dominant incentive of the landowners is to keep you in their slice of the PATH, not to move you through efficiently. And while you\u2019re down here, every need you could ever have is met: there are dental offices, luxury watch shops, jewellery stores, grocery markets, food courts, massage parlours, and phone stores. This place is not so much about meeting the singular need for easy, all-season walkability as it is about meeting every need\u00a0except<\/em>\u00a0that one. My emotional response after my third lap of the Hudson’s Bay Centre trying to find my way north is pure hopelessness. It strikes me as particularly ironic that there are so many sunglasses stores in a place whose entire existence seems predicated on your never seeing the sun again.<\/p>\n 12:10PM<\/strong><\/p>\n When I was fifteen or so, my family came to Toronto on a weekend trip and we were then, as now, lost in the PATH network. As we stared at a map, a man rounded the corner. He was dressed in a pink dress shirt and white jeans, huffing and puffing, red-faced and dripping with sweat. His pit stains alone are a thing of family legend. He looked a bit like a sweaty Raj Binder<\/a> (Shaun Majumder\u2019s bespectacled satirical correspondent on \u2018This Hour has 22 Minutes\u2019). At the time, I did not fully understand his distress.<\/p>\n I now suspect that it was the PATH that made him that way. Because the PATH is making me that way. I am rushing through the halls, passing people who are slower than I. I\u2019ve got a scowl on my face. I\u2019m swearing under my breath. The PATH is pushing me over the edge.<\/p>\n I am Sweaty Raj.<\/p>\n I\u2019m over an hour in to what was a 40-minute trip, at least in theory. I cannot stress enough how much of the PATH\u2019s benefits to city mobility are theoretical. And I\u2019m only halfway done. By now, my curiosity for the experience has been replaced by a frustration-driven determination to do this as fast as possible. As soon as I see the doors to Roy Thomson Hall, it\u2019s a quick turnaround: I snap the photo and charge off in the other direction, determined to get out of here. I make one stop at a map, doodle out the quickest path to the Hilton, and off I go. Somehow, by sheer force of will and probably more than a little bit of luck, I nail this leg of the trip. I emerge into the Hilton lobby, check my watch, and note the time: 12:37. The PATH network\u2019s confusing halls slowed my trip by almost an hour.<\/p>\n Clearly, the current system isn’t working.<\/p>\n Despite its name being a hashtag (the relative merits and lifespan of which are debatable), the proposed wayfinding system seems, on the surface at least, to be a significant improvement over the current mess of signage and colours. It\u2019s easy to sit and talk about the underground PATH system that you might want, but the designers were tasked with designing a wayfinding system that worked with the PATH system that Toronto has, which is to say a somewhat labrynthine network of tunnels and pathways that were never designed to be a single, coherent system. The main feature is the creation of a hierarchy of routes: there will now be main corridors that form a skeleton of \u2018connector\u2019 routes, with \u2018branch\u2019 routes building off of them. Perhaps most helpful will be the fact that these two different types of corridors will be mapped in different colours, easily distinguishing each. In support of this concept, signage will be re-designed to be more prominent, easier to understand, and more consistently designed throughout the system.<\/p>\n \u201cWe\u2019ve introduced more than we\u2019ve got rid of,\u201d says Brown. Still, there are some significant and not-to-be-mourned casualties in the new system: the colours are gone. The designers have kept one of the colours \u2014 the blue signifying north \u2014 using it as the main contrasting highlight colour that will make the system stand out throughout the whole system. Also gone: the reliance on compass directions, which Phil Berczuk of Steer Davies Gleave agrees makes no sense, as it offered no connection to the environment you are in. In a survey conducted in conjunction with the redesign, 81% of people agreed that the signage and wayfinding system was inadequate. The designers hope that by working with what they have, they will be able to chip away at this number. People \u201cwill still get lost,\u201d says Brown. \u201cYou can\u2019t eradicate everyone <\/em>getting lost.\u201d<\/p>\n The process of designing a new wayfinding system goes beyond the task of creating new signs to the point of re-thinking how people use and interact with space. \u201cI think a lot of people see wayfinding as signage,\u201d says Brown. \u201cIf it works,\u201d he says, \u201cthen nobody notices it.\u201d The end goal, then, is not to create a system that responds to your needs, but actually anticipates them and heads them off before you are aware of them. In retrospect, much of the experience of navigating the PATH makes this point clear: I constantly felt like I was playing catch up with a system that doesn\u2019t even move.<\/p>\n Looking at the new maps, and envisioning the new signs, it’s hard to imagine that I would get as lost as I did. The main feature of the redesign, the connector\/branch route hierarchy, is a badly needed improvement to the mapping system that, as it stands now, leaves wayfinding\u00a0mostly up to you, and does not offer any suggestions as to how you could (or should) get to your destination. By leaving it up to you, the current system is infinitely customizable but uninstructive; the current system’s approach corrects this by establishing main routes while reserving the branch routes for either exploration or shortcuts.<\/p>\n If all goes well with this summer’s pilot project \u2014 to be implemented in an as-yet undetermined sector of the PATH \u2014 the new system should be in place by the start of 2018. Since the signage in the PATH network is actually paid for by the buildings, the 2018 target date allows for individual buildings to have enough time to budget for the installation of new signs and information kiosks.<\/p>\n Designing wayfinding concepts is, in essence, the process of designing a solution to urban spaces which are not necessarily conducive \u2014 either by design or by error \u2014 to human navigation. The task of wayfinding is most prominent in spaces with larger mechanical functions, like airports, rail stations, and hospitals, where space is determined largely by functionality. The PATH is both like this and unlike this: space within the PATH has been determined by a certain version of functionality \u2014 namely to connect individual buildings to other individual buildings, which is a different from the function of moving people through<\/em> those buildings \u2014 but has also been adopted as a part of a transportation network, where the main function ought to be navigability. This internal tension, that there is a desire to use the PATH for a function which it was not necessarily designed, is what makes the PATH such a difficult problem for designers \u2014 and what makes wayfinding such an important concept. With the piloting of #PATH360 everyone involved \u2014 designers, the BIA, and city officials \u2014 hope that a trip into the PATH is no longer a descent into confusion, hopelessness, and the feeling of being lost.<\/p>\n top photo by Steve Harris<\/a>; middle photo courtesy of Wikimedia Foundation<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"![\"Screen](\"http:\/\/spacing.ca\/toronto\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/05\/Screen-Shot-2016-05-31-at-2.35.21-PM-600x337.png\")
<\/a><\/p>\nLOST IN THE PATH<\/strong><\/h3>\n
![\"18005966433_c884b3648a_k\"](\"http:\/\/spacing.ca\/toronto\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/05\/18005966433_c884b3648a_k-600x400.jpg\")
![\"Screen](\"http:\/\/spacing.ca\/toronto\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2016\/05\/Screen-Shot-2016-05-31-at-11.38.50-AM-600x311.png\")
#PATH360<\/strong><\/h3>\n
![middle photo courtesy of Wikimedia Foundation<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"This summer, a pilot project will be launched to test a new wayfinding system in the PATH \u2014 Toronto\u2019s subterranean navigation-slash-commercial network of tunnels, shops, and food courts. 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